Rotary tunneling-machine.



.(JrAI'OOS.v l TUNJsLELING.'MAGHINL4 `ILED MAY 15 19o Al 7- l PatentedOct. 2O, 1908., 4 amm V SHEET z.

y R. B. s1G'AVPo0s. ROTARY VTUNNBLING MACHINE.

APPLIUATIO FILED MAY 15, 1907.

Patented Oct. 20, 1908.

l i I 1.provi RUSSEL B. SIGAFOOS, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

ROTARY 'rUNN'ELINe-n-Acrmm.

No. corses.

Bpecieation of- Letters Patent. Application nina my 1s, 1901. n n-m No.stamm.

l Patented Oct. 20, 1908.'

To all whom 'it Wally-concern:l l

Be it known that I, RUSSEL B. SiGAroos, .a f citizen ofthe United Statesof America, nesiding in the cit and=county of--Denver 'and iStatefofColora o`, hav,e invented a new and useful Rotary T-unneln-Machine, fof which the 4fc'illowi'g yis a. speci cation.

My' invention yrelates to improvements ini tunneling machines, and theobjects of my invention are: first, to provide a rotary tunnell machine.adapted .to automatically feed into thebreast of a .tunnel as fast asit cuts into rock, and to automatically feed forward and backward.Second, to provide a rotary tunnel machine'with a plurality ofreciprocating cutterV heads, provided with a plurality o f independentrock-cutting lips. T ird to provide a rotary tunnel machine ded 'wfithaplurality of reciprocatingrota cutter heads adapted to strike spirallytwisting blows.' Fourth, to provide a fro- .ditch rock tunnel work.

tary tunnel .cutting machine adapted to discharge jets .of waterthroughout the circumference of its rock cutting area. Fifth, 4toprovide ar rotary tunnel .machine provided with a plurality ofindependent rotatin and spirally vstriking cutter heads arrange andadapted to permit any one. or predetermined number ofsaid cutter headsto be adjusted toistrike -blows 4olf differential '.force. Sixth, toprovide a rotary tunnel cuttinglmachine provided with lan-automaticadjustable feedlng mechanism'that willieed the machine forward in anypredetermined curved path, as it cuts its way into rock. And seventh, toprovide a tho'rou hly practical, reliable, oper-ating, and dura le rocktunnel cutting machine that requires but little ower to .operate it, andthat is adapted to a l characters of railroad, mine, canal, andirrigation I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, in which: i

F1 1re 1, is a vertical, lon itudinal sectiona 'view pf a .tunneling macine, embodying my invention.` Fig. 2, is a front end eleviitl'on of themachine, the rotating mechanism'gbe'ing omitted. Fig. 3, isa transversefverticaL. sectional view of the machine, on the line'34-3 of Fig. 1. YFig. 4, is an elevation foflone ofthe members -or lflanges con!stitutingoneof the ends of the supporting .frame-of the machine. Figa 5,is a vertical sectional View of the same, on the line 5-53 l tf'rig. 4."Fig.' e, is

portion 'of the llange,

ig.4.` Fig. 7, is a plan view of a ortion' ig. 8,;

on the line 6-v-6 of of .the langeillustrated in Fig.4.

is a v iew similar to Fig. A6, showing the frame supporting and movingwheelsgmd the manner of adjusting them. Fig. 9', is an elevation ofoneof'the wheels, .showing a dust cap varranged thereon. Fig. 10, is lasectional view of one of the spidersby which the supporti-ng and movingwheels are-turned at an an le to the axis of the' machine. Fig.

11,4 is a side view-of the drum which carries a sectional view of a' thecutter head operati-ng cams.- Fi ifs a fra mentalview, showing. a ball'aring cap, w ch receives the rear end of the spring which throws thecutter head stem. 13, is a front lelevation of one of the cutter heads.Figs. 14- and' 1.5, are Views 'of the arrangement 'of gearing `b'ywhichthe cam I drum and frame are rotated, and Fig. '1-6, is

a plan view of 4a portion of one of the flanges, showing A'the manner inwhich the,

axls.

Similar letters of reference refer t`o similar parts throughout theviews.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 1 designates the supporting frameof my ro-4 tary tunneling machine. This frame 1, consists of two diskflanges 2 and 2^. The flan e 2 I term the front or head end flange ofti'e frame 1, and the flangeQA, I term wheel-supporting blocks areturned on their -the rear or backend -flange of the frame-1.

These supporting flanges are disk-shaped andare positioned several feetapart ,and Vare rigidly secured together by a circumferential row Aofclampingr bolts, 3, which are spaced at equal distances apart near theperiphery of the flanges and are provided with threaded ends that extendthrough apertures 4,' which are arr-an ed in valinement with each otherthrough the flanges,

which are placed on eachV side of thez flanges, and are screwed up toclamp-the flan es r1 idly between them, land thus secure y bot theflanges in parallel alinementwtheach and the endsof the bolts areprovi-ded with clamping nuts' This shaft 5, is hollow 'und forms a waterconence o the flanges.

centersof the journal boxes-11 of ter to the throught e tance, and o thefront en y7 Y shaped noazle 8, which is veying pil e for providin asupply of wa'- liock cutting en 'of the tunnelin machine, as' will beexplained hereinafte 'The center shaft head end'ilan more fully 5projects 2, a short'dis- I secure 'water jet discharging convex rovidedwith a plurality of-water jet dise ar that are arranged through its s elin radial alinement with its center throughout its convex `surface s'oas to discharge Jets of water ina circlethroughout the area ofthe-circular breast o 'f a tunnel of the size the machine will drill orcut. The opposite end of this shaft 5 extends through and beyondthe-'roar end supporting'fl'ange 2^. of these supporting flanges areprovided with a plrahty of lugs or hubs 10, which are s aced at equaldistances apart through- "n holes .9,

.out t 1e circumference of the flanges, and 1n- -t er1nediate 'of eachVpair of hubs .10

a capped Journal box 11,4 is formed. These capped journal boxes 11, arealso spaced at equal distan es apart throughout I preferably illustrateeight of;` these projecting hubs and ei Yht journal boxes arran ed 1nalternate ordner, although any desire number may be used. lese twosupporting flanges 2 and- 2^, are arranged on the center shaft 5, sothat theA and also so that the centers of the hubs l0 .'.of thetwo-'flanges will be in axial alinement.

also form on the two frame flanges 2 and 2^ on opposite sides of theshaft boxes (i, additional ca )perljournal boxes 12, which are positioneon each flange ondia-lnetrically opposite sides ol the shaft box 6, andat ratlial bore 15,

the blocks 14,

Siflange, which extend web/y flanires 2 and 2A, at right angles to theplanov equal distances boxes 12, in axial 4alinement; with eachother,from one flange to the other. Through thc 4portions f each of thesesupportingof tlie three center shaft boxes and12, and the axial centerof the ppposite sides of one, flange to the other and are made largeenough to perm1t an operator to easily crawl.v

thrtiugh them from one end of themachine to -tlhe other.

Each pro'ecting hub 10 is pro- 'an adjustable, slidable, and ro-.tattlble block 14, provided -with trunnion shafts 14^,andeach hubisprovided with a tb/readed aperture 15^,' which extends Vinto an aperture16, formed'transverselyA through the web of each frame, below the hubs.

The radial bores 1:'1. are adapted to receive and arel intersected bytransverse' apertures l?,

' through "the- Said' boircs 15, s the outer ends 'of the' hubs farentirely hubs, :ind from the bottom of tdwarf o f the shaft 5,

tures 14B, forme The peripheriesl the'stem. The trunnion foot block 14the circumfereach flange way Into 1t, and

' foot or tread Wheels are secured on the from it, and I arrangetlesewheel -curedto the h'ub j] at the lbottom of which is a.

in eaeh heb' of each' enough to receiveloo'sely the transverselyargranged trunnions-14^,and permit them to swin with a sl lit rotativamovement with Athejb oel; 14.11T of thewhubs'r'eoeives Y'a threaded stem18,-, the

inner'iends of which project` into lthe aper- 'turesl 16, and maysquared. 'or otherwise formed to receive a' wrench-although I preferablyprovide-them with-hand wheels 19. The opposite or outer' ends stems'v.18. fit loosel 'and rotatably into aper# inj the inner end of theblocks 14. 'These' erably secure thelouter'e'nds of the threaded stemsy18 to the aperture 14B ofthe blocks 14 against accidental displacementby means 'of pins 18", Whichare extended through the block and pass.'through and engage a'circumferential recess 20, formed in the end ofshaftslt, 'of each project laterally through each block and thi-ou' hand beyond the .transverse apertures '1g of each hub.

Upon the t-runnion lshafts of each adjustable foot block, 'I' rotatablymount a pair of wheels 20A, which I term tread foot Wheels, as they reston the floor of 'and are adaptedv to bear against the 4circular wallsofthe t'unnel and su 'port the frame 1 rotatably and feed it an thetunneling machine into the rock as fast as the machine drills or cutsits they -also feed lthe'tunneling machine back and forth in the tunnelto and from the breast ofthe tunnel7 aswill be more fully describedhereinafter. These trunnl ons in any suitable'inanner, butpreferably bybeing .boltedby nuts 21`against reduced and shouldered portions 21^,formed on the ends 'of the trunnion shafts. Each of these foot wheels4is provided on its sideI adjacent to its supporting hub with a packlngholdfing cap 22, which is mounted irevolublyon the trunnion shaft and issecured to the foot y cap screws 23, 'or any other suit-v able means;vand` to the outside of. each foot wliecl an axial hub portion isformed. and a cap 24 is placedover thc end of the trunnion and its nutand is threaded or .otherwise seuortion of the foot vwheel, Thepackingcap v1s provided with 'any suitable oil retaining packing and thebearing of each foot. wheel is thus incased and is kept well 'oiledandt'reo' from dust and grit by these C flPs 22 and`24. The oa-psQ-'l areprovid'ed'with short axial of the threaded 1 e. threaded hole' .1 6.4 ineach p blocks 14,-I term the foot. 4or tread wheel lsupporting blocks,and I prefsoA proljlecting trunnious 24A, which lie within U-s acdlrccesses 25. which are' formed in thc'fe ly or web portion o 'a pairof 'spider flanges having hubs 26"*` which are looscy mountedon .thecentershaftat-the side of. the supporting flangegand from 'which `aplurality of spokes 27.. radiate to the folly or web portion 2 8..` inwhich 'the oke or U-Shaped recesses 25, lare vshaft 37, to move the'armsand bloclrsh4 and us when the s ider fla/ngest, are turned in a.mannenan l for a pnrposegto b@ resay 'ent'ly set forth, 'the foot,wheels-(wil bei turned atan an le to the axls of themaclune; .Y

lof'one of the hubs ofefachllange .is with au arm whichextendsffpmvided" rom, .the i which is threaded to a Ishaft 3l, that extendsfrom the front dan e to andI beyond the rea'r flan e. mounted in yo (es38 which are lformed on a. pair of oppositely arranged [caps of theJournal bearings 11V of the flanges 2 and 2^. Between the'bearings ofthese yokes the follower blocks 36 are laced, and are adapted to bemoved 'along tlie threaded portionsof the shaft towards the front orrear end of the .machine, as desired, by rotatin the shaft. 4Thisfeeding movement o the blocks` 36 along the shaft in eitherdir'ectionswings the arms 34 to either one side or the other of thecircumferential center of the flanges 2 and 2^, which would naturally betheir normal position, which movement turns the foot wheelsl supportingblock to which these arms 34 are attached in the bearinnf's of theirhubs, also the trunnions of the block, so that they and the foot wheelsof these blocks an lique angle -to the Aaxis 'of the machine instead ofat. right an les, as illustrated. And

foot wheel supporting blocks are each joui;

naledl in a recess; 25 Vof one of the spiders f This s aft is rotatably(particular foot wheel supportingtheir trunnions stand at an obvforniedthrough oneend of the ubfjnfwhicfh the block is housed,.and its. freeendtapered,A and extends into` a-,V-shaped recess z inthe adjacent 4end ofa f ollowerblock.36,l

as the inner foot w eels of these'particular l f hangers 46.' Upon theforward end of the 105.

which stand at the side ofthe flanges 2 and 2^, when these particularwheels are moved or swung around to stand pointingr towards the head ofthe machine or towards its rear 'i und, the spiders are also rotatedeither 'ahead or backward on the center shaft, and thisrotatire movementof the spiders turns all fwardslthe rear-end OT the' machi theirtrunnion and thelwheelsftonp'oint toe th -supchine 'will feed-backwardorav'v'ay from 1 the "axial center, ,supportin' 'extend at right angles'tof the", ange, andare 'ends, which terminate with'l'the endsfof Vthe9C said supports are wider than they,-fajnd :the edges ofthese cams arebeveled as 's'hownin Figs; '1- and 11, for 'apurpose to be vpresentlyexplained. `To the mnersurface of the drum, are 'secured a similar pairof-cains 95 '43, and in'reach instance'there is'aslglit.;v

intervalV o1 =gap,.i.between the` broadl e dl of one cam, and Vthecommencement o the `other cam.: ,-Adjacentto the rear end fof the drum39,3. short sleeve 44, is supported upon 100 the shaftf5, -fro'm whichissnspended'a movtor 45, which may be of any preferred type,

but. -is' preferably au electric' motor,4and is suspended from thesleeve -l-l, by strap iron driving, shaft 4f of the motor is looselymounted a pinion 48, and on the rear end of the cam drum a gea-r 49 ismounted and secured, which' isarranged to fmesli with the drivingpinion' of the motor; Vcons uently V10 the motor rotates the drum. clutci 50 mounted on the motor shaft, and is adapted to engage a clutch face51,' onthe pinion-i8, of the wheels; of each flange, as the arms of thespiders are connected to one end of each when it is desired to' operatethe drum, but. when it is not desired to operate the drum,

j the clutch 5() is disconnected from the pin-Y e tor.

shaft is mounted a pinion 54, which Vmeshes ion 48, by a hand lever 52,one end 'of which is pivotedto a bracket 53, secured t0 the 1no Upon theopposite 'end of the motor with a 'gear wheel 55, mounted on theshaftoot wheels are all turned in. that direction also. R Then when .thesupporting frame is rotated in the direction of the arrow, the tunnelingmachine will feed ahead, and against the 5, the gea1',55, being providedwitha; projecting hub 56, the. outer end of whichv is formedv into abearing which is 'eccentric to the axis of the hub 56.' A Casin 58 ismounted on the hub of thegea'r 55, t e rim i of which-is formed `withinternal gear teeth breast of the tunnel it is drilling, and if 51), andupon the eccentric bearing is mountjed a gear wheel G() of less diameterlthan the l intemal'diameter 'of the gear casing, 58. 1 'i' Upon theeccentric-ant the side of the gear 60, a 'second' 'ar-611s rotatably.mounted, .which -is sm'a *er in dismiss aan the 605 Midis Securedto it'by lateral pins 62'.

Onnthe-'rear end of the-'center driving shaft- 5, a* second casing',63,'1is mounted and se with a rim -65, the inner periphery of'which iconstitute `a sun' and .l .the hub of which revolves -wlthin the fixedmeshes'with thegea secured'to the. casing' and to a.

fthe motor.

bearing V57, is

engagement of its teeth positioned in the rotative plane of and `r 61..The casing-58, is a y.bracketl 67,'a7 'ch is held. stationary'- by 1 tfl'pa orm 68,

which is secured-in any suitab The-casings 5 8 and 63 and'their gears 60and 61,

'movement, and the' object of'it is to transower ofthe motor to thecenter drivins -aft 5, at a ver o grea 1y reduced speed h lovv thatimparte to th cam-drum by lthemotor through the mediu`m of the drivingpinion 48 vand gear 49. j ','lhe power is transmltted as follows: Themotor pinion 48 and 'gear 49 drive the camdrum 39, and-the pinion 54 onthe rea-r end of the motor shaft turns the ear wheel 55,

casing .58. The gear 60,v on the eccentric the casing 58, in aneccentric plane, and is thereby given u. rotary movement, by the withthose 'of the casing, and this rotary motion is also im-y parted to thegear (51,.which is secured to-the gear (i0, and as the gear 61 revolves.eccentrically within the-casing 63, and-at the same time axiallyuponlits bearing 57,.it'c auses the casing 63,-'torevolve at a 'greatlyless tate one revolution :still continue to rate ofspeed than the gearWheel 55, and assuming that the n1otorrotates the camdrnm one hundredrevolutions per minute,

-the sun -and-llanet movement gears are pro-A potioned an arranged toredncethis lspeed so that the drivingl shaft and the frame ro'- perminute, or one hun'- dred toene'. Consequently. while the camdrum isrotating one hundred revolntions per minute, -the supporting frame ofthe, machine isbemg'rotatedl one revolution.

I- employy the clutchl 50 ,for-'locking the4 gear 48,' to the'motorshaft'in' order that should -it be desired at any time to stop'the rotative movement of' the-cam dru'm, and. rotate jth'e. frameindepend` ently'ofjtr'this can' .bejtccomplished by dis-A engao-lng theclutch fronrthezgear 48, when Vtheain'inn'w cease to revolve.. -Thi's is.esl peela'lly:dosrablewlien the machine is being .6.5

ncitvdmltof a I'unnclras at such timos, the

cams and `cutter stems manner to I jstemsyand rock-cuttingA heads 74which are coperatmg with the eccentric 57,

lplanet motion gear thus caused to travel around- .cutting or crushingrock, make them of triangular' Athey strike -against rock the `cutterheads.-

cutter head at ea ence, 'making four should be inactive, as wi inafter.-Y

.The rotating fianges 2 and 2^ of my tunneling machine are adapted tosup ort .in operative' tunnel `cutting relation ap urality oreciprocating stems 70, in theircircuinferential` row of Y`journal boxes11, and also in .their two innercenter boxesg12.- These stems .70,extend from one frame to the 7 other and also be o'nd the framev 2 'tothe front of the mac ine, and rearwardl beA yondv the 'rear frame 2-A tothecamruii The front ends of the' stems are provided with cutter-heads71, which comprise disk 8 portions 72, which are secured to the ends ofthe -stems in any suitable manner prefer- 'ably byl tapering the ends ofeach stem andi iittlngf the disks on the tapered ends of the be shownhererovided with a pluralit of rockcuttin ips 75. These cutter ldjs smay be secure t'o their supporting disks by an suitable means, but Ipreferably detachahly secure `them -by means of bolts or screws 76, andin 9 order-to lock them securely to their supporting .disks 72, Iprovide their rear sides with projecting key lugs-.77, which project andfit, snuglyinto' sockets in the supporting .disks 72. 9

Thel rock cutting lips 75, of veach cutter. head, are arrangedl ingroups, and I preferably place four cuttinglips 'in each grou and placefour vgroups .on each cutter hea arranging each 'group to occupy Vonequarter 1 of the surface of the cutter head and arranging the cutters'ofthe-diagonally opposite groups of cutting li s. parallel with'eachother and at right ang es to the. two oppof 'site groups.-

These rock cuttinglips may be 1 of -any desired form or shape practicalfor but I. preferably. forni lwith their points. or edgesfiattened inorder that they may be .blunt instcad'of sharp,^so that'when' 1 blowsmay crush the rock rather than cnt it'. I At the periphery-of*eachcutter head the ends'of the cutting lips that lie along the y oppositedialnetricalrenters of each-cutter 1 head and mark the boundariesof eachuarter surface ofA the rock'cutting face o the are extended across thepe--r ripheral-surfare of the cutter heads longi-v tudinallywith theaxis of the cutter head 1 end ofthe -sicms and at right angles to thecutting -lips onthe -faces of them, which' forms a rock-cutting lip 75A-extending en'- tirely across the pleripheral surface of each c.quarterzof its'circumfer l of these peripheral rock .cutting lips yon'each cutter head and thirty two on t e'feight. 'cutter heads of thecircumferential row of cutter heads that define the-diameterof-tunnelthe machine .will 1 o erated -thereb l up Y,

drill` The objectI of these peripheral rock ,cutting li s is to permitthe cutter heads to cut and rill the rock at their peripheral edges, asthey rotate with their revoluble supporting frame, and also as theyrotate on their own axis with the stems, which enables them to cut andmaintain the tunnel of the l full diameter of the circumferential row ofcutter heads without wearing away the peripheral surfaces of the cutterheads.; thus obviat'ing any danger of the cutter heads wearing smallerin diameter and of the tunnel growing smaller and smaller as the machineproceeds into the rock. IVhile I have described each cutter head asbeing provided with but four of these peripheral rock cutting lips asshown at 75^ in Figs. 1 and 13 i more may vbe employed if desired.

terior and exterior cams 42 and 43, of the cam drum 39 which as theyrotate with the drum draw the stems backward on the rear strokes oftheir reciprocal movement. These wedge-shaped cams occupy each aboutfour- Y oppositesides ofthe drum and supporting@ fifths of thecircumference of the drum, and

they terminate in an abruptshoulder, and

whenkthe beveled edges of the collars of the y stems run off of them,they are arranged and 'adapted to be thrown forward and impingedagainsttheroek breast of the tunnel, iy any suitable means, two stems beingreleased from the cams at the same time on frames while the two innercenterstems are also released at the same time, once at each revolution.

My invention contemplates the use of any sultable resllient means forthrowing the stems and cutter heads forward whenv re leased fromthecani, but l preferably carry out this feature of my invention in thefollowingy manner: Y

Upon each stem I secure adjacent to the Harige? a collar 83, and uponeach stembetween this collar and the front 4side of the frame`2^, Iplace a coiled spring` ,84.A The frai'neQ forms an abutment for one-endof each spring 84, and vthe collar the abutmentfor the op osite end. Andas the cams'draw the stems ack, these coiled springs are'eompressedbetween the collar and the flange 2^, and when the stems esca e the camsthe springs throw the stems and) the cutter heads violently forward. Ipreferably use spri s that-are adapted to cause each stem to stri eabout a four thousand pound blow, and as I l employ ten stems andkcutter heads in the v tunneli thousan machine they strike about eightypound blows at each revolution of the cam-drum. I have` illustratedeight cutter heads and stems 'in the-outside circumferential 4row andposition them within the same radius from the axial center of thedriving shaftandV make the cutter heads of such a diameter. that theycut a circle a little larger in diameter than the diameters of theflanges 2 and 2^, and its foot wheels. These cutter 'heads also cut acircumferential ring of such width` that but a small center portion isleft and the two center cutter heads and stems are, arranged 1ndiametrical ahnement with two cutter heads of the outer row ofr cutterheads and they over-lap the cutting path of the outer 'row of cutterheads and cut this center portionout atthesame time the circumferentialrow of cutter heads are cutting out the greater portion of the circularbreast of the tunnel.

In order-to cushion the forward stroke of l 'the stem and cutter head incase the cutter yhead is not within striklng relation to the Vrockbreast of the tunnel, I place a short coiled spring 85, on each stembetween the collar. 83 of the stem and the rear side ofthe flange 2,which I term the cushioning spring, and which is arranged so that whenthe eutter heads are in operative strikin relation to rock thecollars'83 ofthe stems o not strike them, but if a very soft or hollowseam is encountered by one or more of the cutter heads, their cushionsprings will receive and cushion the forward blow of the stemyand' thecutter head.

It sometimes happens in cutting a tunnel that one part or side orportion of the breast of rock will be very much softer thanV the.

other part or side or' portion, and if somejf 103113 Wle Iwtemployed tocushion thel blows of the stems and cutter' heads as they move overthese soft`v places, they would eut so much deeper into-the rock breastthat they would soon have a hole cut inthe soft part of 'the tunnelsbreast, which would make the breast of the tunnel of a yvery irregularsurface,'and would retard the cutting speed of the machine, and renderit much more difficult to hold it in` proper alinement than 'when thesurface of the breast is kept' even throughout. [I1 have, consequently,arranged the stems so that at any desired part of their rotativemovement around the breast of the tunnelthefnormal force oftheir blowsmay not only be cush- `ioned, but also in cases where t e is especiallysoft, be if desired, lessened. I" accomplish this by loosening andmoving and resetting .the collars 83, along the stems towards the flange2, which releases 'the coiledisprings of their normal tension anddecreases the force of the stroke of the stems and the cutter heads.

The rotative movement of the machine is` so slow that these collars canbeloosened Yand their position shifted by an attendant without stoppingthe machine as a'rule,

ground f again re-adjus'ted to -its normal tension at and then startedup a in, and again stop'ie ailthu h it may be necessaryto slow `itsnorma speed down, and ifl desired the ma' chine could be stopped aseachcntter head arrives at a soft spot and its spring relaxes vand thespring of eac cutter head cou the opposite 'edge offthe soft-spot. j Itis f only, however,A when an exceptionally 'soft- 2 the springs 84 aslthey 2o 's ot is encountered in the breast of a tunnel at it isnecessary to manipulate the collars y '83 to lessen the normalblow ofthe,springs in this manner, n

`alone Vwould be found sucient for 'cushion-1 as the cushioning springsing the s ent or inoperative. blowsof the stems .un er lnormalyconditions. r I

In F' 12, I have" shown meansj for faci1i-" tating t e rotation off-the'stems'.70, and also are drawn lhealthy the. cams 42comprisin a-ball-bearing cup 86, vwhich lies a ainst tie front side ofthe which thestem 70 Bsses centrally.l This cup is supplied with .11s, and 'a washer87,-hav1ng a central aperture through lwhich the stem asses, lits withincup, against the ba ls,` and is formed with a housing 88, in which theend f of thesfpring 84 lies.v Thus, the' pressure .of

. the received-by the bear# ,ing2 whic allow the stemy 'and also thevSprlngqbo turn, freely,.as the collars 80 roll vupon' th'ecams42andths. rolling orrotary leave theamsandzuntil th motio'n ofgthe stemscontinues after the 'strikethearoc andcausesfthem to strikethe rocliwitha spirally. twisting, blow. A 'ball' bearing 89,

-Is also vinterposed between the end o I khead stems, and will y betweenthe 'drum and flange to a'ininixmun:AL

'The operation of .mhimp'roved tunnelingl foot wheels,and

" ca1n-drum; `and y gearwheel 55, drive the sun and planet fear' riv-hub of the cam drum `39,Y and the'eentral bearing hub 6, ofthe flange2^, which; lreceive the d b th prtssure exerted upcn he vcem rum y. 'e auatin sprin y o t cutter.` thus redlsce the friction machine 1s as'follows e tunneling machine v cuts a round tunnel. a trifle larger indiam'. eter than 'the diameter ofits framea-'ndj its thetunnelihgmachinelays in and lls the tunnel, 0n its fOOt wheels,-whichbea'r on the cv bottom and sidewalls "of the tunnel, theentireframe rotetes and rolls around .on "these footwwheels, beingrotated by the electric motor 'which is suspended from the shaft 5.'This electric 'motor is' connected'to a'suppl v of electric;

current, by suitab1e'wires,an rotatesthe the motor pinion 54, vandmechanism; which in turn rotates the ing rshaft Aat avery tothatr atr wich the cam-drum is riven by ,the motor, preferablyI at a. ratio ofabout a hundred toene; consequently, the

cam-drum is rotated at about one -hundred revolutions per minute and inthe Sametime `beveled shoulders of the stemsare held by throughout `the'circumference' `and a'rea'f o "nel drilling operation the Almachine" 17forward antbmaticallyby inclinin the l i angle to drills laway therock;

eatly reduced rate of the whole machine makes vbut one'revolution, v'andat'each revolution ofthe cam-drum each of the cutter-heads and theirstemsy strike` two-blows apiece,""and asthere are tencutter'j" heads andstems and l*four cams they strike ytwenty blows ,per revolution of the'camdrum, al`1d as'each cutter head is arranged to strike about afourthousand pound blowthe machine strikes against the breast of the tunfnel twenty blows per revolution of4 about vvfour thousandv poundsieach,or` about eighty thousand hpounds of blows per revolution which"veryrapidly drills a tunnel. The

such a .pressure ,by their forward throwinE ges of the cams, and whenthey dr'p off *Sf srings 84, that they ,roll on t e bevel the camsl theyare under agood rate ofyrota.-` y,

tive speed; consequently, whenjtheyzfstrke lthe breast of the tunnel,theygst'rke a' twist! ing blow that crushes and rock a greater de reethan astraight-blow. Durs ing the, dril ing operationj'et'sof water unLder'pressure are dlschar' ed lfrom themu'mer ous jetv apertures' oftewaten nozzle1l8- the breast of the,tunnel', vand `during. 'thettin queforwar' .Wheels at a'slight 4ob 'tudinal axis 'of the idriv' 'the loshaft 37, slides the follower blocks' 36 .towards vthe: front` e'nd`y'cof the machineifwhich shifts" ,the arrns 34, and therebyf turns theblocks A14 4wgvghiujl they` unsecured; withftheiri fom 4.wlieel`sv,,a.nd as the' trunnion'oln the dust ca'p a 25fof the'v spider 26,alloffthe pairs of j jtowards'tlgeffronti endoiithemachine en: fas,-`the,,n1acliine rotates' in the vtunnel its foot 'reuen-the enticeofaaetunnel in a im! ehendrffeeaa,the-Lanchas forward,- an -lojl it'up-'against the breast of vloci thfertunneL-andgfeed itforward fastas li Whenever 'i desired to 'move *the v machine backward-n the tunnehf awafrom the breast of the tnnel',theis'haft`3 v:is`,ro tated to reversethe'anle o'f thefot Wheels, so that they' will stan towardswtheendof'the machine.`v l Then 'as the machine rotatesin-the tunnel, itsvfoot wheels' 'willj move; the!'machinefbackward ,Wy .thebI-east of thetunnel' 'and `at suchpnmes the C11-muso, isV released r inion'48 so thatthe ca'm drum 'and eads will remainy stationary: i f

' cutter om the l tunnel at any desired upward or downward or lateralangle to a straight horizontal lane,`by roper radial' adjustment ofthese oot whee s. Consequentl railroad curves d, u 12.51F The machinecan al oIbefguided-to `cut the' i' l are moved' radiarangenji'et shown,as

:Patent s v:

i of the rear flange 2^ should he contracted into a smallercircumferential. circlethan those of the front flange 2, by turning thehand wheels 19, which turn the threaded stems 18, and withdraw theblocks 14, and4 the wheels carried thereby; and thus the rear end of themachine will lie on a lower plane than the frontend, which would inclinethe machine slightly upward,and then the. machine will work into therock at a slight upward angleand form a. slightly upwardly inclinedtunnel.' l

The degree of inclination 4of the tunnel.v

would depend'on the degree of inclination of the'machne, which couldbeeasily ad` justed to form a tunnel of any upward grade. or pitchdesired. In case it is desired to cut 'a curve in a tunnel, the footblocks o n the side of the machine that correspondsto the"V outside ofthe curve, are moved; inward by an a'tteii'dant, and those on the insidecorrespondin to the inside o-f the curve,

lgl'y outward. fb an 'attendant, so as t"forc'e' the rearen oftheinachine against the outside-of the curve ofthe tunn'el, which'will-turnthe head end of the machi-iiet-oy point toene side of a straightline -and -cause 'it tomove forward in a curved line..l As.- the`radi=u`s of the curve would be 'known survey ofthe tunnel,

- the machine can befreadily adjusted by careful manipulation of thelfoot -wheelsto move forward t'o'cut. the turirrel-` in thefcu'rve dei-Isir-ed.4 'My'invention contemplates ai'ot'aityjtun- .arrangement- (ifmyr invention,- I -do fiiot fwish F 'to be" l'ii'nl-itedftoE tlie coristri iction and jarmany changes might 'nl-Vention, what 'l supporting-ci-proca 1g lheads mounted iu said fran leads;-,beiiigp'rovided withmeans incladi'n l'veled shoiilderedfriert-ionsY` on $09k rstrikingstiiokes `'their Vl procaljmgvement; whereby lthey strike-twist? "n:blowsagailnst. the roclr'breastolf 2. In; a. tunnelinginachi-nm; a'rotating rine=,f,-l1 '.fra-lity of independent pairs of sui )ortin rwheels )ivotallv mounted on the e l l t: l

l chine, means including a. motor for rotating said frame and drills,and means includingr a cani wheel having two concentrically arranged camsurfaces for operatively reciprocat-ing said drills.

4.@In a rotary tunneling machine, a plurality of reciprocating` rockdrilling' heads. and stems, a rotatable frame arranged Ato 'support saidheads and stems,- a f lrivii'ig sha ft mounted on said frame, meansini-luding a cam mounted on'said driving shaft for reciprocating saidheads and stems, and means including a motor supported by said drijvingsli-aft for rotating said frame.

5. In' a rotary tunneling machine, a lplurality of independentlyreciprocatin(r pack cutting heads and stems, arranged toirtate in acircular path andto cut a circular tunnel, and adapted to operativelydrill rock` a.' Wheeled frame arranged to support said rockv cuttingheads and stems, a driving shaft. in the axial center of said frame, amotor .supported by said driving shaft, mea-ns including said motor forrotatablv feeding said frame spil-ally to and from -the breasts, of and`to operati.'ely drill. tunnels.

6. In 4a rotary tunneling machine, a" pluralit-'y of rock drilling.heads and stems. a. rotatable wheeled frame for .reciprocally supo'rting said heads and stems, means -in, clu ing a spring mounted oneach stem and `acam mounted on said frame for reciprocating each oflsaid heads and stems' to operf atively drill rock, 'a shaft axiallymountediii-said wheeled frame, afmotor'su-pported by andi connected tosaidshaft, meansincludingy sof loo

vsaid motor for rotating said frame, 'raeansfl ineluding abeve'led headon said stems fror w frictionall'y rotating said stems, 'and meansj .l

:for 'adjustino the 'wheels of said-frame for i f operativelydrilltunnelsiii rock. r Ina rotarytunneling machine, a plu- -rality ofdrills, yaV frame arranged to support 12o `lsaid drills, one'or moie'-circumferential rows of sa' 'rt-ing foot wheels on the periphery'of".sai

ativelydrill rock, means including a motor-I l-f'or rotating said frame,and ,meaiis-.fi-mfliid lin a rotatable rod for "adjustal-ily"ti-ltinsaid foot wheelsto feedsaid frame an frame, means including cams andsprings f or reciprocating ,said drills toopermeans in eludin saidstems-and- -drill"rock, a plurality of foot v vhelson said breast oftunnel ally reciprocatin drills` spill-ally to and fro in a .tuuneland 1against the breast ofa tunnelais-fast.as said ldrills will drilljthetunnel'.

8.4"" ;In a. .tunneln machine, a4 plurality esi-l1 with a pluralityof1roc'k .cutting li s, stems *horizontally -mou'nted in parallel ainenn'ant` 'andarrangedjto support saddrillingheads, acircular framearranged. to sulport said;4

stemsin asubstantially horizonta position,

rilling heads to. operatively frame', and means including a s ider con-`nected to said frame and wheels or moving said footw'vheels'synchronously to ally feed said frame spirally to and fromthe Sv 9. In aj' rotary tunneling'machine, a r0- ltatable frame, rotatingsaid frame,a 'plurality of individurock drills collectively rotatablymounte circums'cribing -foot wheels mounted u on .the periphery `ofsaid' 'frame, means inc `udin ga threaded rod connected yvith said footw eels and frame for .adjustably turin said foot wheelsto feed saidframe and dril ing heads forward or-backward and in oper- 30.

ative drilling relation to the rock breast of a tunnel when said frameis rotated; and means' including a cam rotatably mounted on 'tally-arraned and inde `eatin rock rillsza cylin icalsha ed frame .iv ich saiddrills are porte in a circular row-andarefarrange and adapted to I 40"than said supporting frame, 'mea-ns attached to said :frame4 andincluding rame,

with said motor for rotating said cams inde` said. frameforreciprocating said drills.

10. lInl-a rotary'tunneling machine, rality of disk` shaped circular andhorizon.

ndently reciprodrill 'a'cir'cu'lar tunnel of larger diameter a-pluralityof circ'umscribing foot. wheels pivotally uiounted' on 'said framefor'reciprocallyf e'e'din 45 said drills and frame to o eratively dritunnels in rock, means inclu( ing a motor for rotating said frame, camsrotatably supported by -said drills rotative supporting means includinggea-ring connected pendent ofthe rotative movementlof'said drillsupporting frame, means including a.

'Y head on said drills arranged toengage said cams and imparta'frictional' rotatlve movement to said drills and at the same time'to'move said "drills on therearward stroke of their reciprocal movement,and an ex an:

sive spring connected 'to each drill an "ar. rangedto actuate saiddrills to operatively drill rock on the rock impinging stroke of flu-.irreciprocal movements.:4 j f 11 4 vIn a rotary tunneling machine ar'evoluble frame, a, circularly -arrange oupl of drills reci rocallymounted in said rame, a plurality o .footwheels pivotally mounted a cam'for reciprocating;

automaticmeans including amotor forv in said revoluble frame,'

a pludrum rotatably sup rt reclprwll movement, means",expansion'springlconnected toeach dr fo f". said group of drills foractuating/said drills'ff o ntheoperative rock cutting stroke of their9.o reciprocal movement,' when said drills are-.5,` released by said.cam s,'whereb each offsaid drills isfrictionallly rotated uringthe-"opjon said frame and yencircling/ the same`:at

predetermined distances a'4 art, means 'for wheels to 'the ongitudlnalaxis j .said for feeding said drills and.

" nl'e'spirally as 'the' 'y' as desired-, an axials ha'ftf-:toAsajidframe, a motor supported by 'said ..f1fame, means including.:gearing conto "s 'aid' motor for rotatlngsaid frame,

meansincluding an adu able movable bearing forfsaidf foot whee S forradially .adjusting` .said'foot v vheelson -said,'f1 'ame,- a camf' d onsaid shaft independent offsaid ame, means including gearingoonnecte'dgto. lsaid said camldrum independent of ysaidframe and itscenter shaft, 'cams on'l said eamfdrum; a-beveled shouldered drill ofsaid oircularly .a'rran drillsarran'ged to l 'engage sai inoperativerock cutting stroke mcllldin an erative rock drilling stroke of move'rrxent, and each' drill is 'c a spirallytwistingblow..'Q

12. A rota tunnelingmechlnm com i'is-v its reciprocal in a revolub eframe, ai ofipiv'ot al y journaled radiallyadgusrtable footwlisels'encircling said revoluble fra-mei 10o said frame is adapted-"to revoubly ro ll,

means connected to4 said iframe forv4 moving. saidfwheels .to causelongitudinally inl a 'tunnelwhen rotated, va, saidframeparallelwith itsaX1s and ar ranged' and adapted to .cut ,a'.circular tunnel .of largerdiameter than said revoluble frame and Vits'foot wheels, meansconnectedto said 1 revoluble frame for reciprocating said drills in any.predetermined` order to operatively* drill the breast of arocktunnelfand means 'connected to 'said -revoluble frameandin'-Acluding a motor forvrotating saidframe-.in

, a tunnel,` and means connected to said'm'otor 11a and includinggearingfor actuatingasaid drillstooperatively drill rock. x 13.4 In -a rotarytunneling Amachine;the combination with'a suitable revolublero frame, ofa plurality of pivotally journaled footfwheels," pos'itoned atpredetermined points ofsaid framesfcircumference, and. means' to Seid`frame for synchronously moving said -foot wheels to tudinallyon the-floor o; a tunnel v Whenrotated, a shaft at the center ofsaid"frame','an;d

means includinga motor for rotating -frame.

-rotate in a tunnelv for? 7o4A motor for mtating 8 5 head portion on`eacl o cams on the '85 ofsaiddrills2 l @ses @strike 9s i' said frame'tomove plurality of drillsreciprocally mounted' vin [10B:

radially '120 3 cause said to y move" lungi! .125

14. In44 a rotary tunneling machine, tbelso moving one block in allymounted therein to turn combination with a revoluble supportin framecomprising flan es secured to an axia driving shaft, and =acircumferential rovi?l of rods connecting said langes together adjacentto their peripheral edges, a circumferential row of radial hubs on theperipheral edges of said flanges, a block slidably mounted radially ineach of said hubs and. pivotand swing on its radial axis, 'meansincluding a threaded rod connected to said flanges for adjustably eachof said flanges, opositely extending trunnion shafts on said blocksextending through apertures in said hub`Sa' pair of foot wheels mountedon the trunnions of each of said blocks, spider armed lian es rotatablymounted on said driving sha t having radial bearing recesses; hubs onsaidjivheels which liein said recesses, whereby the turning of one pairof Wheels on each flange will cause all of said pairs of wheels to turnysynchronously into any predetermined oblique position relative to thelon tudinal axis of said rames drivingsha ts aXis,-'Whereby said footwheels are canted into angular position adapted to cause said revolubleframe -as it rotates to roll in. a spiral path in a tunnel, meansincluding a'n'iotor connected to said driving shaft for rotating saidframe and foot Wheels, and a plurality o't' operatively arrangedreciprocating rock cutting dril s arranged on said frame to drill atunnel larger in diameter than said frame.

ln a rotary tunneling machine, the combination with a rotary rollingwheeled frame provided with a group of reciprocating drills arranged todrill a circular shaped tunnel of larger diameter than said frame,

of n'ieuus including 'font wheels connectedwitb said frame for rollinglysupporting said frame in a tunnel, a plurality of cams connected to saidframe, a head portion on said drills in engagement. with said cams onthe inoperative stroke ot their reciprocal movement, a resilient memberconnected to each of said group oit drills arranged to move each of saiddrills on the operative rock drilling stroke o't its resilient inovemnt,means including gearing connected to said motor for rota-ting said cams,and means connected to said motor and independent of said cams forrevolubly rotating said wheeled frame.

16. ln a rotary tunneling machine, the combination with a rotary rolling'wheeled frame, adapted to rollingly feed forward and backward in ucircular tunnel, said frame comprising disk-shaped flanges mounted on-acenter driving shaft and seem-ed together to rotate with said shaft. inunison, and having apertures adapted to permit an operator to pass tromone end ot' said frame to its opposite end along said driving shaft,

a plurality of foot tread Wheels mounted at predetermined distancesapart throughout the circumference of the said disk flanges, meansconnected to said disk flanges including pivotal journal bea-rings foradjustin the radial distance ot' each pair of foot trea wheels relativeto the axial center of said 'driving shaft and' for pivotally swingingand adjusting said tread Wheels to cause said Wheels and frame to movelongitudinally in a tunnel in spiral planeswhen rotated, a plurality. of'reciprocating stems journaled in said frames parallel with said drivingshaft, an adjustable collar on each stem between said disk flanges, acoiled expansion spring oneach stem between saidcollar and the rearflange of said disk, aV

coiled compression spring loosely mounted between said collar and thefront end disk of said frame, a cam drum mounted on said driving shaft.,a plurality of cams mounted on said cam drum,- an electric motor susipended from said drivin shaft, a gear on said cam drum connecte to saidmotor, a circular' head portion on the rear end of each of said stemsadapted to en age and roll on said cams and impart a r'oling motion tosaid stems, a disk-shaped cutter head mounted on the front end of eachof said stems provided with a plurality of rock cut ting lips arrangedin any predetermined order, said cutter heads being positioned to cut a.circular shaped tunnel slightly larger in diameter than said frame` andmeans in cluding gearingvconnected to said motor for rotatably rollingsaid frame and cutter heads and stems on the floor of said tunnel.

17. In a rotary tunneling machine, the combination-With a rotary treadWheel frame and a center driving shaft, ofacam-drum rotatably mounted onsaid driving shaft, a motor, a sun and planet gearing connected withsaid motor, and driving shaft, means connecting said cam-drum and motor,connections bel tween the motor and said cam-drum and driving shaftcausing them to run atdifferential rates of speed.

18. ln a rotar)7 tunneling machine, the combination with a rotating adinstable tread foot wheel trame and a driving shaft, of a iiilnralityoly drill stems rotatably and :reciprocally jtnirnaled in said footwheel frame, a caurdrum rotatably mounted on said driving shaftindependent of the rotative movement of said frame, comprising a drumshaped casting, on the outside surface of said drum, and a pair ot' camson the' inside of said drum, an enlarged circular shoulder portion oneach stem arranged to be engaged by said mms. and to be rotated by therotary movement of said cams; said cams being arranged and adapted Toengage said shouldered portions of said. stems and move said stems onthe a pair of Wedge shaped cams' and cutter head supporting stems withinthe rearward stroke of their reciprocal movement and at the saine timeto impart to them a rotary movement, acoiled expansion spring arrangedon each stem to actuate said stems on the rock striking stroke of theirreciprocal movement, means connected tosa'id frame for cushioning thespent striking strokes of said stem, and a suitable rock drilling cutterhead removably secured to each of said stems.

19. In a rotary tunneling machine, the combination with a drivingsliaft,'a rcvolu ble frame comprising a pairof anges positioned apartand connected by rods, said flanges having a plurality of tread footwheels at their peripheral' surfaces, of a cir- -cumfercntial row ofcutter head supporting stems rotatablyr and reciprocally journalcd insaid frame' in aposition to drill a circular tunnel of larger diameterthan said fra'me,

circular` row of stems, each of said stems being arranged to beindependently rotated in its journal bearings, and said stems beingcollectively lframeand its driving shaft, means connected to saiddriving shaft and said frame and including a motor and cams forindependently rotating said stems and for moving l them on theinoperative stroke of their reciprocal movement, means connected to saidmotor and connected to said driving shaft and frame for rotating saidframe independently and at a predetermined differential rate of lspeedfrom said rotary movement of said cams, said stems being arranged toproject beyond the front end of said frame, head supporting diskremovably secured to each stem, a cutter head comprising a disk shapedhead containing a plurality of rock cutting li s removably secured tothe supporting disk of each stein, an adjustable collar on each stem, acoiled expansive spring mounted on' each stem between one side of saidcollar and said frame and arranged to impinge said cutter heads andstems on the rock cutting. stroke of their reciprocal movcnient, and acoiled contraction spring on each'stem between the opposite side of saidcollar and said frame arranged to cushion said stems on their forwardspent'blows.

, 20. In a rotary tunneling machine, the

' combinationofa driving shaft, a t-read Wheel cally mounted on saidframe,

frame, and a motor, of a circumferential row of reciprocating drillsrotatably and recipro# a pair of reciprocating and rotatable drillsmounted Within saidj circumferential row of drili's and arranged one oneach 'side of said driving -sha t, said drills rotating collecliyelywith said'frame and driving shaft and to drill a circumferential tunnelof, larger 4idiapieter than said rotating tread wheel frame, and .meanscomiectcd with said drills Aiiicluding fOI rcipiocating said drills toopermounted revoluble with saidV a cutter 'with a group of cutter headdisks and stems journaled rotatably and reciproca-Hy in said frame, eachof which is adapted to be rotated and also to be reciprocated., saidcutter head disks and stems being adapted to rotate collectively withsaid tread foot frame, and to drill a circular tunnel as theycollectively rotate togetlieiwith said frame of larger diameter thansaid frame, a cam-druni rotatably mounted on said driving shaft providedwitli cams adapted to move said stems and cutter heads on thebackward-stroke of their reciprocal movement, said cams having their.operative cam surfaces beveled, enlarged circular portions 'on each ofsaid stems having a shoulder beveled toregistei` with and adapted toengagesaid beveled cam surfaces, said beveled registering surfaces ofsaid cams and stem rotating said stems as' said rotating cams engagethem and move them on their backward stroke to impart to said stems andcutter heads a'continu'ous ro'- tary movement after they leave'said camsand are thrown forward on their operative rock drilling strokes,whereby. said stems and cutter heads spirally rotate on theirreciprocating strokes, means includingV gearing connected to said motorand cam-drum for rotating said cam-drum independently of said frame,springs arranged to impinge said stems and. cutter head forward on theirrock cutting strokes, and a plurality of rock cutting lips on saidcutter head disks.

- 22. In a rotary tunnelin machine, the combination witha driving siaft, -a rotating frame, a cainsdrum and a motor, a group of drill stemsrotatably and reciprocally mounted in said frame, an adjustableabutment` collar, an expansive stein actuating spring, and cushioningsprings on said stems, of a rock cutting cutter head mounted on eachofsaid stems and positioned to drill a circular tunnel, said cutterheads com rising a disk provided with a plurality of:I Wedge or V shapedlips arranged in groups on'the face of each cutter head, each groupoccupying a predetermined section of the face -of each cutter head, andthe rock cutting lips of each group being arranged parallel to eachother.

23. In a rotary tunneling machine, the

combination with the rotary tread foot wheel frame, the center drivingsha-ft, the drill ,stems rotatably and reciprocally mounted in saidframe, and a cutter' head supporting hub on the forward end of each ofsaid sirius, of cutter eeinorisir a'disk provided with a plurality ofrock cutting lips of the form of a triangle in cross section, cach lipbeing provided with a perpendicular side and having its cutting ed es atthe junctionof'saidperpendicular si e and the adjacent edge o the top ofeach lip. n y

124. In a rotary tunneling machine, the combination of the frame, aplurality of stems reciprocally mounted on said frame,

and a cutterhead supporting hub on each of said stems, with a cutterhead com risincr a lurality of triangular-shaped rocA cuttlng ips havingflat to ends and a'perpendicular side substantiaily at right angles tosaid flat to ends, and having the rock cutting edge o their lips at thejunction of said perendicular side and said flat top edge of said p25.In a rotary tunneling machine, the

combination of a frame, a plurality of reciprocatin stems mounted onsaid frame, a cutterheadg supporting hub on each of Vsaid stems, with acutter head provided with a plurality of rock cutting at'toptriangularshaped edges or lips, sald lips or edges being arranged 1ngroups on each quarter angle of the rock cutting surface of said head,said teeth being arranged parallelto each other on each uarter angle ofthe face surface of and parallel with the diametrical center of saidcutter head, and means for detachably securing said cutter head to saidsupporting `hub 'of said stems. n Y

26. In a rotary tunneling machine, the

combination of a frame, a plurality of reciproca'ting stems mountedonsaid frame and a cutterhead supporting hub on each of said stems, with acutter head provided with a lurality of rock cutting flat toptrianguar-shaped edges or lips, said lips or edges being positioned ingroups on each quarter angle of the rock cutting surfacev of said head,said teeth being arranged parallel to each other on each quarter angleofthe face surface of and parallel with the diametrical center of saidcutter head, and

means for detachably securing said cutter head to said supporting hub ofsaid stems.

27. In a tunnelin machine, the combination with a rotary graine, havinga driving shaft and supporting Wheels, a motor atvided on ea ch end ofthe frame, to which the wheels are attached; arms projecting from a pairof oppositely positioned axially-adjustable blocks, follower blockshaving recesses in which the free ends of said arms extend, a rodjournaled insaid frame to which said follower blocks are threaded, ahand wheel on thc end of said rod, whereby said rod may be turned tomove the follower blocks, and

thereby turn. the wheels at an angle to theV axis of the machine, andmeans for adjust ing the wheel-supporting blocks radially.

28. In a rotary .tunneling machine, the combination with a revolvingframe, of a cutter head, comprising a disk, a stem mounted. in saidframe and supporting said disk, means including a motor for rotatin saidframe and for revolubly rotating sai stem and disk around the axis ofsaid frame," said disk being provided with a pluralityof rockcut-tinglips on its face a'nd apluralityof rock cutting. lips on itsperipheral surface. l

29. In a rotary. tunneling machine,A the combination withV a rotarymoving and feeding frame, of a plurality of reci rocating und rotatincutter heads arrangedp in a cir-r cle in said` Arame and adapted to.rotatewith' it, each of said cutter heads comprising av disk providedwith rock .cut-ting lips on itsend arranged in groups on each quarterangle of its end surface. In testimon whereof I affix my signature inpresence o two Wi esses.

RUSS L B. SIGA'FOOS. Witnessesz v G. SARGENT ELLIOTT,

FRAM; M. KEISER.

